Its common name is Geberber, and its fruits are edible. Myrcia mollis (Kunth) DC., also known as Myrtus mollis Kunth, is a native tree growing between 500 to 2000 m above sea level in the provinces of Azuay, Loja, and Napo. Its chloroform extract, containing phenolic and terpenic metabolites, has been studied for its hypoglycemic, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities, while no data are reported concerning its essential oil. Its traditional name is Arrayán, and it is used in Ecuadorian traditional medicine for the treatment of toothache. It is known by several synonyms, such as Eugenia myrsinoides (Kunth) Burret ex Diels Eugenia ternifolia O. It is a native species described in the Ecuadorian Andean region, in the provinces of Azuay, Bolívar, Cañar, Chimborazo, Imbabura, Loja, Pichincha, and Tungurahua.
Myrcianthes myrsinoides (Kunth) Grifo is a shrub or tree, with aromatic, small, and oblong leaves, found between 20 m above sea level. This statement, together with fact that the plants belong to the same botanical family, induced the authors to conduct a parallel study. In fact, during a previous qualitative sensory evaluation, the two volatile fractions were perceived by the same panelists involved in the subsequent GC-olfactometry (GC-O) analysis, who considered the aroma “discernable but quite similar”. The two species were selected to be presented in the same work due to the apparently similar aroma of the essential oils (EOs). Myrcianthes myrsinoides and Myrcia mollis are native species of this family. Among these species, 9 belong to the genus Myrcianthes (of which 1 is endemic) and 10 to the genus Myrcia (of which 1 is endemic). In Ecuador, the Myrtaceae family accounts for 83 species, of which 9 are endemic. Moreover, many are traditionally used for their therapeutic effects, such as antipyretic, sedative, antifungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and hypoglycemic. The species belonging to this family have multiple traditional uses, such as food, construction wood, and a source of vegetable oils. The Myrtaceae family consists of woody plants, ranging from shrubs to tall trees. Myrtaceae, Asteraceae, Anacardiaceae, Apiaceae, Lauraceae, and Rutaceae are families including a large number of essential oil-producing species. The province of Loja, the place of collection of the two investigated species, lies in the Sierra. This activity is of interest to treat Alzheimer’s disease.Įcuador is a country rich in aromatic and medicinal plants, distributed in its different regions. acethylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) respectively). myrsinoides essential oil has an inhibitory activity for cholinesterase enzymes (IC 50 of 78.6 μg/mL and 18.4 μg/mL vs. The metabolites β-pinene, 1,8-cineole, γ-terpinene, terpinolene, linalool, and ( E)-β-caryophyllene were mainly responsible for the aroma of the EO. The enantiomeric excess of five chiral constituents was determined, with ( S)-α-pinene and (+)-germacrene D enantiomerically pure. Eight components were identified as determinant in the aromatic profile: α-pinene, β-pinene, (+)-limonene, γ-terpinene, terpinolene, linalool, β-elemene and spathulenol.
The enantiomeric excess of eight chiral constituents was determined, being (+)-limonene and (+)-germacrene D enantiomerically pure. A total of 58 compounds for Myrcianthes myrsinoides essential oil (EO) and 22 compounds for Myrcia mollis EO were identified and quantified by GC-MS with apolar and polar columns (including undetermined components). They were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID), enantioselective gas chromatography, and gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O). The essential oils of Myrcianthes myrsinoides and Myrcia mollis, belonging to the Myrtaceae family, were obtained by steam distillation.
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